The dependence of technical and economic indicators of the use of grain training on the level of the crop of winter wheat

Abstract

The proposed article provides methodological approaches for determining the main technical and economic performance of a combine harvester depending on the level of wheat grain yield, which makes it possible to establish the influence of this factor on the cost of one hectare of harvested area and one ton of threshed grain.

An analysis of the effect of grain yield on the economic efficiency of the grain harvesting combine can be carried out at the cost of 1 ton of milled grain, since it is clear that the greater the yield of grain, the more spent on 1 hectare of collected area.

Calculations have shown that with an increase in grain yield, the total cost per 1 ton of milled grain is reduced. This is due to a reduction in fuel costs and wages of direct performers. If for a grain yield of 35 centners per hectare, the cost of 1 ton of milled grain was 135 UAH, then at a yield of 90 centners / ha - 107 UAH, that is, 28 UAH. Less.

In the general balance of expenses, the highest place is the cost of fuel: from 34,8% (with a grain yield of 90 c / ha) to 45,4% (with a grain yield of 35 c / ha). This can be explained by the fact that when harvesting low-yielding areas of a combine it is necessary to spend more energy on self-movement, and therefore to spend more fuel on 1 t of milled grain.

Labor costs per 1 ton of milled grain decrease with increasing grain yield. If at the yield of grain 35 p / ha per ton of grain was spent 0.110 people * h, then at 90 p / ha - 1,106 people. * H. This is due to the fact that the productivity of the harvester on the milled grain in the first case is less - by 0,6 t / year.