Comprehensive methods of diagnosis and prevention of postpartum complications in cows

Keywords: cows, causes of infertility, postpartum endometritis, drug

Abstract

The experiments were conducted during 2018 - 2020 on cows of black-spotted breed in the conditions of LLC "Ryasnyanske" of Krasnopil district of Sumy region.

Cows were aged 4 - 8 years with an average annual milk yield of 2.5 - 3.1 thousand kg of milk per lactation. Assessment of the postpartum period was performed according to the changes that occurred in the female reproductive system. This took into account not only the general condition of the animals, the nature of the exudate, the size and topography of the uterus, but also the condition of the ovaries, cervix and vagina in rectal and vaginal examinations. Diagnosis of various forms of endometritis was performed based on medical history, clinical and gynecological studies.

For the treatment of cows of the experimental group with postpartum endometritis, they were injected subcutaneously with 10 ml of the drug "Metrisan" in a mixture with 0.5% solution of novocaine at a rate of 1: 1. The interval between injections was 7-10 days. The frequency depended on the form of endometritis and was 3-5 injections. For the treatment of cows of the control group with postpartum endometritis they used a 10% solution of ichthyol intrauterinely Injection of 7% solution of ichthyol into pararectal tissue

In 2018, 2 cows (1.6%) dropped out for this reason, in 2019 - 4 heads (3.1%), in 2020 -4 cows (2.8%). Due to age-related infertility, 1 cow was culled in 2018 (0.8%), 2 cows were culled in 2019 (1.3%), and 2 heads were culled in 2020 (1.4%). Due to injuries in 2018, 1 cow was discarded (0.8%), in 2019 1 cow was culled (0.8%), in 2020 1 cow was culled (0.7%). In 2018, the most common pathology of the postpartum period was vulvo vaginitis 8%, endometritis - 6.5%, artificially acquired infertility - 0.8%. In 2019, 9.8% of cows had endometritis; vaginitis, vulvitis, cervicitis - 8.3%, artificially acquired infertility was 0.8%. In 2020, endometritis was 17%, vaginitis, vulvitis, cervicitis - 9.2%, artificially acquired infertility was 0.8. According to the results of the research, the therapeutic efficacy was higher in the experimental group, where the therapy of cows with acute purulent-catarrhal endometritis using the drug sepranol and amoxicillin-150 was used.

The total number of days of infertility in the control group was 125 days, in the experimental - 60 days. In terms of 1 head it is: in the control group - 25 days, in the experimental -12 days. The duration of the period from birth to fertilization in the control group is 55 days, in the experimental group - 42 days.

References

1. Al-Bagdadi, F., Eilts, B., & Richardson, G. (2004). Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Endometrium of Mares Infused with Gentamicin. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 10(2), 280-285. https://doi.org/doi:10.1017/S1431927604040115
2. Barański, W., Podhalicz-Dzięgielewska, M., Zduńczyk, S., &Janowski, T. (2012). The diagnosis and prevalence of subclinical endometritis in cows evaluated by different cytologic thresholds. Theriogenology, 78(9), 1939–1947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
3. Bogado Pascottini, Osvaldo & Van Schyndel, Sabrina &Sprícigo, José & Romulo Carvalho, Murilo & Mion, Bruna & Ribeiro, Eduardo & LeBlanc, Stephen. (2020). Effect of anti-inflammatory treatment on systemic inflammation, immune function, and endometrial health in postpartum dairy cows. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.10.1038/s41598-020-62103-x.
4. Brewer, Amy & Cormican, Paul & Lim, Joseph & Chapwanya, Aspinas & O'Farrelly, Cliona & Meade, Kieran. (2020). Qualitative and quantitative diferences in endometrial infammatory gene expression precede the development of bovine uterine disease. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.18.10.1038/s41598-020-75104-7.
5. Dahl-Pedersen, K., Herskin, M. S., Houe, H., & Thomsen, P. T. (2018). Risk Factors for Deterioration of the Clinical Condition of Cull Dairy Cows During Transport to Slaughter. Frontiers in veterinary science, 5, 297. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00297
6. de Cássia Bicudo Luana, Oba Eunice, Bicudo Sony Dimas, da Silva Leite Domingos, Siqueira Amanda Keller, de Souza Monobe Marina Mitie, Nogueira Meghi, de Figueire do Pantoja José Carlos, Listoni Fernando José Paganini, Ribeiro Márcio Garcia (2019) Virulence factors and phylogenetic group profile of uterine Escherichia coli in early postpartum of high-producingdairy cows. Animal Production Science 59, 1898-1905.https://doi.org/10.1071/AN17729
7. Dubuc, J., Duffield, T. F., Leslie, K. E., Walton, J. S., & LeBlanc, S. J. (2010). Definitions and diagnosis of postpartum endometritis in dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 93(11), 5225–5233. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3428
8. Elsayed, Doaa H., El-Azzazi, Fakhri E., Mahmoud, Yasmina K., Dessouki, Sherif M., &Ahmed, Eman A.. (2020). Subclinical endometritis and postpartum ovarianre Total option in respectto TNF-α, IL-8 and CRP in Egyptian buffaloes. Animal Reproduction, 17(1), e20190027. Epub February 07, 2020.https://doi.org/10.21451/1984-3143-ar2019-0027
9. Evans, Alexander & Zeng, Shenming. (2017). Causes, prevention and management of infertility in dairy cows. https://doi.org/10.19103/AS.2016.0006.20.
10. Ghanem, M. E., Tezuka, E., Devkota, B., Izaike, Y., & Osawa, T. (2015). Persistence of uterine bacterial infection, and its association swith endometritis and ovarian function in postpartum dairy cows. The Journal of reproduction and development, 61(1), 54–60. https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2014-051
11. Ghanem, M. E., Tezuka, E., Sasaki, K., Takahashi, M., Yamagishi, N., Izaike, Y., &Osawa, T. (2016). Correlation of blood metabolitec on centrations and body conditions cores with persistent postpartum uterine bacterial infection in dairy cows. The Journal of reproduction and development, 62(5), 457–463. https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2015-103
12. Gilbert R. O. (2016). Management of Reproductive Disease in Dairy Cows. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 32(2), 387–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.01.009
13. Hasan, W. I., & Mustafa, K. N. S. (2020). Effect of vitamin e and selenium injectionon some physiological characteristics and biochemical parameters in localram lamb. Journal of Duhok University, 23(2), 34-43. Retrieved from https://journal.uod.ac/index.php/uodjournal/article/view/854
14. Kuzminova, E.V. & Semenenko, Marina & Koshchaev, A.G. & Chernyh, O.Y. & Turchenko, A.N..(2019). Pharmacological prevention of obstetric and gynecological diseases in cows.Dusunen Adam. 10. 608-612.
15. Le Blanc S. J. (2014). Reproductive tract inflammatory disease in postpartum dairy cows. Animal: aninternational journal of animalbioscience, 8 Suppl 1, 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731114000524
16. Masoumi, Reza &Badiei, A &Mousakhani, F &Dirandeh, Essa&Zhandi, Mahdi &Stear, Michael. (2018). Quantification of the uterine involution and dimensions, hormonal response and reproductive performance of pyometric and healthy dairy cows treated with Dinoprost. South African Journal of Animal Science.48. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v48i2.3.
17. Mohammed, Z. A., Mann, G. E., & Robinson, R. S. (2019). Impact of endometritis on postpartum ovarian cyclicity in dairy cows. Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997), 248, 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.03.008
18. Nyabinwa, P., Kashongwe, O. B., Hirwa, C. D., & Bebe, B. O. (2020). Perception of farmers about endometritis prevention and control measures for zero-grazed dairy cows on small holder farms in Rwanda. BMC veterinary research, 16(1), 175. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02368-6
19. Pascal, N., OlivierBasole, K., Claired'Andre, H., & BocklineOmedo, B. (2021). Risk factors associated with endometritis in zero grazed dairy cows on small holder farms in Rwanda. Preventive veterinary medicine, 188, 105252. Advanceonlinepublication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105252
20. Potter et al., 2010 T.J. Potter, J. Guitian, J. Fishwick, P.J. Gordon, I.M. Sheldon Risk factors for clinical endometritis in postpartum dairy cattle Theriogenology, 74 (2010), pp. 127-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.01.02320207407
21. Santos, T. M., Gilbert, R. O., & Bicalho, R. C. (2011). Metagenomic analysis of the uterine bacterial microbiota in healthy andmetritic postpartum dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 94(1), 291–302. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3668
22. Schlegl, Roland & Drillich, Marc & Ballas, Panagiotis & Reinländer, Ulrike & Iwersen, Michael & Baumgartner, Walter & Ehling-Schulz, Monika & Wagener, Karen. (2020). Field trial on the post-insemination intrauterine treatment of dairy cows with mild endometritis with cephapirin. Theriogenology. 156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.024.
23. Semenov, V & Baimukanov, D & Tyurin, V & Kuznetsov, A & Tsarevsky, I & Nikitin, D & Efimova, I. (2020). Features of adaptation and meat qualities of Aberdeen-Angus bulls on the background of immunostimulation. IOP Conference Series: Earthand Environmental Science. https://doi.org/433.012024.10.1088/1755-1315/433/1/012024.
24. Sheldon, I.M., Noakes, D.E., Rycroft, A.N. and Dobson, H. (2002), Effect of postpartum manual examination of the vagina on uterine bacterial contamination in cows. Veterinary Record, 151: 531-534. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.151.18.531
25. Stojkov, Yanne&Keyserlingk, Marina&Duffield, T. &Fraser, D.. (2020). Management of cull dairy cows: Cullingdecisions, duration of transport, and effect on cow condition. Journal of DairyScience. https://doi.org/103. 10.3168/jds.2019-17435.
26. System of prevention of gynaecological diseases in high-productive cows under in a farmin the Udmurt Republic Roman Rudakov, Liliya Khamitova, Anastasiya Metlyakova and Vyacheslav Milaev BIO WebConf., 27 (2020) 00094 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202700094
27. Yang, H., Zhang, J., Xue, Z. et al. Potential Pathogenic Bacteria in Seminal Microbiota of Patients with Different Types of Dysspermatism. Sci Rep 10, 6876 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63787-x
Published
2020-12-28
How to Cite
Abubakari , I. C. (2020). Comprehensive methods of diagnosis and prevention of postpartum complications in cows. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Veterinary Medicine, (4 (51), 23-31. https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2020.4.4