THE PROBLEM OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF TOXICANTS IN LIVESTOCK AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Keywords: toxicants, heavy metals, pesticides, mycotoxins, isoniazid, ecosystem, animal poisoning, feed, beekeeping products

Abstract

Significant expansion of the scale of synthesis and application of various dangerous chemical compounds in agriculture causes daily dangerous effects on the body of insects, animals and, of course, humans. That is why there is a need to control the spread of chemical and biological toxicants in livestock and the environment. We analyzed the distribution of toxicants in livestock and the environment by chemical and toxicological analysis of feed, manure, blood, internal organs, stomach contents of animals killed by poisoning, as well as dead bees, soil, green mass and bee products. Modern research methods were used in the work. Heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Pesticides - by gas chromatography and liquid chromato-mass spectrometry. Mycotoxins - by high performance liquid chromatography, enzymelinked immunosorbent assay and thin layer chromatography. Isoniazid was examined in the stomach of dogs by liquid chromatography with a mass spectrometric detector. Analysis of heavy metals in the pathological material of dead animals showed that food poisoning of animals with arsenic is more common. In addition, a significant proportion of isoniazid poisoning of dogs has been reported. It has been established that beekeeping products are often contaminated with pesticides. It has been studied that maize is more often affected by micromycetes of the genus Aspergillus flavus and Fuzarium than other cereals. In the feed we most often found the following mycotoxins: deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin and zearalenone, less often - aflatoxins. Thus, the toxic load on the ecosystem leads to disruption of food chain safety and reduced efficiency of livestock production. Contamination of food and honey plants with toxicants poses a threat not only to farm animals and beneficial insects, but also to consumers of livestock products. Therefore, at the national and international levels, effective control over the production and import of safe feed and food is very important.

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Published
2021-11-29
How to Cite
Kobysh, A. I., Chechet, O. M., Shulyak, S. V., Omelchun, Y. A., Myagka, K. S., Marchenko, T. V., & Liniychuk, N. V. (2021). THE PROBLEM OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF TOXICANTS IN LIVESTOCK AND THE ENVIRONMENT. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Veterinary Medicine, (3 (54), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2021.3.3